Peritoneal mesothelioma is a rare cancer that affects the lining of the abdomen (the peritoneum) and is usually caused by exposure to asbestos. Treatment for peritoneal mesothelioma often involves a multimodal approach, which may include surgery, chemotherapy, and sometimes radiation therapy. Surgery plays a significant role in managing peritoneal mesothelioma, and several types of surgical procedures can be considered:
- Cytoreductive Surgery (CRS): This is the primary surgical treatment for peritoneal mesothelioma. CRS involves the removal of visible tumors and affected tissue from the peritoneal cavity. Surgeons strive to remove as much cancerous tissue as possible to reduce the tumor burden.
- Peritonectomy: A peritonectomy is a type of surgery that involves removing parts of the peritoneum affected by mesothelioma. Different types of peritonectomy procedures may be performed depending on the extent and location of the disease.
- Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC): Often performed in conjunction with CRS, HIPEC is a procedure where heated chemotherapy drugs are circulated throughout the abdominal cavity. This helps to kill any remaining cancer cells after the cytoreductive surgery and is aimed at preventing the recurrence of the cancer in that area.
- Palliative Surgery: In some cases where the cancer is advanced and complete removal isn’t possible, surgeries may be performed to relieve symptoms, such as pain or discomfort caused by the tumors.
It’s important to note that not all patients with peritoneal mesothelioma are suitable candidates for aggressive surgical treatment. The decision to undergo surgery depends on various factors, including the stage of the cancer, the patient’s overall health, and the extent of tumor spread.
Before undergoing any surgery, patients are usually evaluated by a multidisciplinary team that includes surgeons, medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, and other specialists to determine the best treatment plan tailored to the individual’s specific condition.
As of my last update in January 2022, treatments and recommendations may evolve, and new therapies or approaches might have emerged since then. It’s essential for patients to consult with healthcare professionals specializing in mesothelioma to discuss the most current and appropriate treatment options available.